Correct Answers to Official Luxembourg Drone Exam A1/A3 Questions – Instant PDF Download for Drone Pilot License

Non C marked UAS of 260gr are allowed in:

• A3 only
• A1/A2/A3
• A2/A3 only
• A1/A3 only

For three years Fabian has flown drones in subcategories A1 and A3, and now he wants to fly in A2. What does he need to do?

• Demonstrate knowledge about rules when flying in controlled airspace
• Demonstrate knowledge about drone construction
• Pass a practical examination for A2 with an approved drone school
• Pass a theoretical examination for A2 preceded by self-led practical training

What distance do you have to keep from residential, commercial, industrial or recreational areas if you fly a UAS in subcategory A3?

• 150 metres
• 100 metres
• 200 metres
• 50 metres

Your full ID string as UAS operator

• Should be kept as private as possible
• Should be posted on social media
• Should be used as an username on forum
• Should be shared with your friends

Are you authorised to capture images or videos of targeted individuals in their private life?

• Yes, if the images and videos are shot in private areas
• Yes, if the images and videos are not shared on the internet
• No, except if you have the explicit authorisation from these individuals
• Yes, if the images and videos are shot in public areas

What is considered as reportable occurence ?

• Property damage without injury
• Airborne conflict
• Car crash with serious injured people caused by the UAS
• Serious or fatal injury to a person

What subcategories is the open category divided into?

• A1–A2–A3
• A1–A2–A3–A4
• C0-C1-C2-C3-C4
• C1-C2-C3-C4

In which OPEN subcategory are the “bigger” UAS marked C3 & C4 allowed?

• A1 only
• A2 and A3
• A3 only
• A1, A2 and A3

What is aviation security?

• The rules regarding the duty to give way in the airspace.
• A function of the UAS that prevents you from flying in closed airspace.
• A special insurance that covers damage and accidents caused by air traffic.
• Protection from intentional harm to people or property where the crimes involve any aspect of aviation.

From January 1st 2024:

• Non C marked UAS of more than 250 g move into A3
• C0 marked UAS move into A2
• C1 marked UAS move into A3
• Non C marked UAS of more than 250 g move into A2

What is the significance of the following safety principle: the heavier, the further, the safer?

• With a heavier drone, it is safer to fly further from uninvolved people and property to avoid injuries and damages
• With a heavier drone, it is safer to fly further from the pilot to keep a safer control of the UAS
• With a heavier drone, it is safer to fly higher to avoid crashing into people and obstacles on the ground
• With a heavier drone, it is safer to fly closer to the ground to reduce potential injuries to people and damage from a crash

Which list below covers all UAS types affected by Regulation 2019/947?

• Toy, Privately built UAS and Commercial UAS
• Toy, Privately built UAS, Commercial UAS and aero models
• Toy and Commercial UAS and manned sailplane
• Commercial UAS and manned sailplane

Which label should you search to ensure you have a “C marked” drone?

Which label should you search to ensure you have a “C marked” drone?

• LABEL D
• LABEL C
• LABEL A
• LABEL B

Which of the following conditions require the operator’s registration?

• The operations are carried out in urban areas
• The operator uses UAS with a maximum take-off mass of 250gr or higher
• The operator uses UAS (Non toy) equipped with a camera
• The operator uses UAS with a very high speed (Example: 120km/h)
• The operations are carried out in controlled airspace

For which UAS classes must you NOT register your drone?

• Toys and UAS higher than 250gr operating at low speed (example 35km/h)
• Toys and UAS lower than 250gr operating at high speed (example 130km/h)
• Toys and UAS higher than 250gr operating at high speed (example 120km/h)
• Toys and UAS lower than 250gr operating at low speed (example 45km/h)

In which countries are the provisions of the regulation 2019/947 applicable?

• To Luxembourg only
• To Luxembourg, Germany, France and Belgium only
• To the EU Member States plus Switzerland, Norway, Iceland and Liechtenstein
• To Belgium, the Netherlands and Luxembourg (BENELUX) only

Where can you find the official publication of regulation 2019/947?

• On any UAS manufacturer website
• On the Official Journal of the European Union website (www.eur-lex.europa.eu)
• On the European Court of Justice website (www.curia.europa.eu)
• On any local drone pilot association website

Which combination of “drone marking” and “OPEN subcategory” allows for the closest operations to uninvolved persons?

• C3 / A2
• C2 / A2
• C4 / A3
• C0 / A1

What if people are in a public place and they are captured in my UAS footage. Is this allowed?

• Yes, if the images and videos are not shared on the internet
• Yes, if the individuals are not recognizable
• Yes, if the individuals have given their explicit consent
• Yes, if the images and videos are not targeting individuals

What kind of liability an UAS Pilot may be responsible of ?

• Noise disturbance
• Visual pollution
• Property Damage
• Bodily Injury

What do you have to do if a reportable incident happens during a flight?

• Report the incident to Police
• Report the incident to EASA
• Report the incident to the DAC
• Report the incident to www.aviationreporting.eu

Since January 1st 2024, Non C marked UAS of less than 250gr are allowed in:

• A3 only
• A1/A2/A3
• A2/A3 only
• A1/A3 only

In which OPEN subcategory is a Non-C UAS weighing between 0.5 and 2kg allowed ?

• A1 only
• A3 only
• A2 and A3
• A1 and A2

What is true about fatigue when flying drones?

• Fatigue will not affect me as the remote pilot during a drone flight.
• Flying tired makes me more alert and aware.
• The pupils of the eye dilate at fatigue, which makes me see better in the dark.
• Flying tired is just as serious and can have the same consequences as flying drunk.

Which of these clouds is the most dangerous for drone operation?

• Cumulonimbus
• Cirrus
• Cumulus
• Stratus

What is NOT considered dangerous goods?

• Gases
• Flammable liquids or solids
• Corrosive substances
• Mechanical tools

Does a drone need lighting to fly in the dark?

• No, drones never have lighting
• No, lighting is always optional
• Yes, it needs a green flashing light
• Yes, it needs a blue flashing light

Which statement is NOT true?

• Most of the UAS sold on the market have a stabilisation system which, if it fails, render the flight much more difficult
• UAS autonomous operation are forbidden in the open category, except for emergency procedures
• It is generally easier to fly an “aero model” than a “drone” because the aero models are really basic
• UAS autonomous operation are operations during which the UAS operates without any possibility for the pilot to intervene

Drones have some environmental limitations (operating temperature range, maximum wind resistance, weather conditions, etc.) Where can the remote pilot find this information?

• On the authority website
• On the UAS’s pilot forum
• On any dealer’s website
• In the user’s manual

What do you have to bear in mind when flying high above the ground (for example at 80m instead of 15m)?

• That it often gets warmer
• That the wind is often stronger
• That the air is thicker
• That the wind often blows less

To become ‘involved’ in an UAS operation, an uninvolved person should:

• Follow the on-line training and become a remote pilot
• Stay close to the Remote Pilot to avoid any danger in case of UAS unusual behaviour
• Give explicit consent and get basic instructions related to the UAS and operations
• Demonstrate a positive attitude, smile and show the UAS who is in charge

The basic meteo elements to evaluate before you start, as part of your safety checklist ‘MEUH’, are:

• Winds
• Precipitation & Clouds
• Temperature
• QNH pressure
• Ozone concentration
• Air pollution level

As a drone pilot you MUST be familiar with:

• The aerodynamic principles of manned light aircraft
• The UASs web based tutorials
• The information that is in the online UAS forums
• The information that is in the user manual

Olivia is abroad on holiday and is not sure if the park where she is going to fly her drone is part of a restricted UAS geographical zone. How can she find out if it is?

• By calling the Luxembourgish mapping, cadastral and land registration service
• Through the “Drones – National Aviation Authorities” EASA webpage
• Through the UAS remote identification system
• Through the Luxembourgish MyGuichet website

What is the definition of the acronym VLOS?

• Virtual Limitation On Site
• Visual Limitation On Site
• Virtual Line Of Sight
• Visual Line Of Sight

What could happen when you fly over a hot asphalt road?

• Turbulence
• Loss of link
• Sensors heat
• Fly Away

What is the name of the motion around the Longitudinal axis?

• Throttle
• Roll
• Yaw
• Pitch

Where can you find the latest list of UAS geographical zones in Luxembourg?

• On the national air traffic control provider website (Administration de la Navigation Aérienne – ANA)
• On the national competent authority website (Direction de l’Aviation Civile – DAC)
• On the European Air Traffic Management website (Eurocontrol)
• On the European Aviation Safety Agency website (EASA)

When the area of operation is hilly and includes obstacles (Trees, buildings, etc.), what is the best technique to evaluate the presence of uninvolved person?

• The UAS pilot should use warning signs around the area with his/her mobile number
• The UAS pilot should shout out aloud that UAS operations are starting
• The UAS pilot should do walk-around inspection of the area of operation
• The UAS pilot should only do a thorough visual scan of the area of operation

Why is it particularly important to permanently scan the airspace during UAS operation?

• Because you may provide support to an emergency response in the vicinity
• Because of the birds that could fly very close and impact the UAS
• Because it is important to detect any increased activity at the closest airfield
• Because manned aircraft generally cannot detect and avoid the UAS

Where would you find the strongest mechanical turbulence?

• Point 1
• Point 2
• Point 4
• Point 3

From a pure human factors perspective, what is the key safety checklist to use to evaluate your ability to perform a safe flight?

• I’M FINE (Insuline Medication Wise Emotion Lens Lesion)
• I’M SAFE (Illness Medication Stress Alcohol Fatigue Emotion)
• I’M GOOD (Insuline Metabolism Glycaemia Ophtalmology Orthopaedics Disease
• I’M OK (Illness Metabolism Ophtalmology Knowledge)

What is the name of the motion around the Lateral axis?

• Throttle
• Roll
• Pitch
• Yaw

What is an observer’s primary task?

• To observe the remote pilot’s mood and form.
• To check the airspace status just before take-off.
• To detect hazards into the airspace and on ground.
• To monitor the status of the drone system to make sure everything works properly.

Which of the following elements are usually encompassed in the UAS geographical zones?

• Airports and airfields;
• Tall power lines;
• Wind farm areas;
• Tall buildings in urban environment;

In accordance with the generic “MEUH” checklist, what are the main safety elements to be considered when flying a drone?

• Meteo, Environment, UAS, Human interaction
• Mitigations measures, Elevation, UAS, Habitations
• Mitigations measures, Environment, UAS, Human interaction
• Meteo, Elevation, UAS, Habitations

How can a drone be affected by thinner air at higher altitude, for example in the mountains?

• Motors have to work much harder to get the same performance
• It may be easier for the batteries to generate energy
• The flight time may be increased
• It will not be affected at all

It is raining outside and you don’t know if your drone is able to fly under these conditions. Where can you find this information?

• In the user’s manual
• On the authority website
• On the drone’s pilot forum
• On any dealer’s website

Lucas has been suffering from severe back pain for quite a while. His doctor has now prescribed him some heavy painkillers that he is to take morning and evening for one week. What must Lucas bear in mind before flying his drone?

• He must not fly until the treatment is over as medicine can impair his abilities.
• Nothing special, just take care to eat before the flight.
• He must request a certificate from his doctor, saying that he is capable of flying.
• Before flying his UAS, he must check with an optician how the painkillers affect his vision.

What should you do if during your UAS operations, a cyclist stops just below your 10 kg drone?

• You should climb the UAS as much as possible to keep a safe distance from the bicycle
• You should move your UAS as soon as possible to avoid an overflight situation
• You should hold the UAS stationary until the cyclist leaves
• You should inform the cyclist that he /she is being overflown by an UAS

Particular attention is to be payed to procedures to load :

• geographical zone data into the geo-awareness system
• personal Identification data
• UAS operator registration number into the direct remote identification system
• Aeronautical Information Publication (AIP) of the day

Which of the following operations could be defined as careless or reckless?

• Operations close to emergency responses efforts
• Operations at high speed in populated environments
• Operations under stormy weather conditions
• Operations close to touristic spots

What is the name of the motion around the Vertical axis?

• Throttle
• Roll
• Yaw
• Pitch

Why is the regulation limiting the flight height in the open category?

• the clouds start to develop above the limit height which impairs visual contact with the UAS
• the UAS could interfer with the general air traffic above the limit height
• the commands’ radio wave propagation is limited by the lack of air above the limit height
• the existing winds above the limit height are too strong to be managed by the open category users

When are you considered to be flying your drone at NIGHT?

• 30 minutes after sunset until 30 minutes after sunrise
• 30 minutes before sunset until 30 minutes after sunrise
• 30 minutes after sunset until 30 minutes before sunrise
• 30 minutes before sunset until 30 minutes before sunrise

Which one of the following risk factors do you need to take into account in freezing temperatures?

• The risk of ice building up on the remote control unit
• The risk of ice building up on the propellers
• The risk of overheated batteries, as the cold means more energy is required
• Decreased air resistance acting on the propellers

If you are uncertain about your drone attitude (Position and orientation) you have to follow these steps :

• Give an alert to the DAC
• Report the incident
• Climb
• Pitch forward then yaw then repeat

If you loose the radio link with your UAS what are the actions to be taken ?

• Readjust antennas positions
• Inform DAC about loosing my drone
• Report the incident
• Move closer to the UAS

You just got your brand new drone and fly it for the first time

• You fly it close to people to catch it if you lose control
• You fly it in a safe area such as an isolated zone (field, meadow…)
• You fly it in the park or recreative area in the neighbourhood
• You fly it with friends who want to help and discover how it works

What action should you take if battery is getting low ?

• when reaching 10% – land immediately
• when reaching 25% – bring the drone back to the landing location
• when reaching 25% – land immediately whatever you overfly
• when reaching 10% – start to plan to come back at 5%

When setting flight parameters, great caution is to be payed to :

• Maximum height
• Camera zooming capability
• RTH Height
• Best view GPS coordinates

How can you make sure your drone is safe and ready to be operated ?

• store it out of its box in a dark place
• keep a log of events and cycles
• do a post flight check after finishing the operations
• check your drone first in flight for any abnormal reactions

What is a valid explanation of the decision making process OODA?

• Objects in the vicinity of the operations should be detected by Optical means. A strategy should be elaborated to avoid them. Based on this strategy, the UAS pilot should take a Decision and Act accordingly.
• Unusual situations should be permanently scrutinized through Observations. Options to address them should be identified and balanced. Based on this quick analysis, the UAS pilot should take a Decision and Act accordingly.
• The UAS brings a lot of new Outstanding Opportunities to the European market. Each UAS operator should then plan a business with this information, take a Decision and Act accordingly.
• Omissions are inevitable during any UAS operations. The Opinions given by professionals should then be considered and balanced. Based on this information, the UAS pilot should take a Decision and Act accordingly.

When planning a dronie mode shooting :

• You should stay clear of buildings and obstacles
• You should inform people around you not to move
• You should ask a person to become observer for 5 minutes
• You should read the manufacturer manual

What should you do if an airborne conflict with a manned aircraft happens during your operations?

• You should apply the rules of the air and, in particular, the right-of-way rule
• You should stay in stationary flight and wait for the manned aircraft to avoid your UAS
• You should climb as much as possible and fly your UAS above the manned aircraft
• You should descent as much as possible and, if suitable, land your UAS immediately

The inspection of the drone, as part of your safety checklist ‘MEUH’, should be performed

• Before every flight
• During the annual maintenance
• Once a week
• Once a month

Is it authorised to drop anything from a drone during a flight in the open category?

• yes, if the dropped material weight is below 120gr
• no, dropping is never authorised in the open category
• no, but a list of exceptions is defined by the authority
• yes, if the dropping height is below 5m

Is it generally acceptable to overfly people who are not involved in the operations?

• Yes, it is acceptable without any restrictions
• Yes, it is acceptable if the height is less than 10m
• Yes, it is acceptable if the height is higher than 10m
• No, it is generally not acceptable

What is the maximum flight height limitation in the open category?

• 150m
• 50m
• 90m
• 120m

Is it required to insure your drone for recreational purpose in Luxembourg?

• Yes, if it weights more than 5 kg
• Yes, if it weights more than 2 kg
• Yes, regardless of the weight
• Yes, if it weights more than 20 kg

What is the influence of alcohol on a UAS pilot’s behaviour?

• Better visualisation of the UAS
• Better reactivity during operations
• Delays the response time
• Improved situational awareness

The situational awareness of the remote pilot relies on:

• The capability of the pilot to operate using first person view devices
• The capability of the pilot to perceive, understand and act on any possible risk in the operating environment
• The capability of the pilot to operate an UAS beyond visual line of sight
• The capability of the pilot to operate assisted by an unmanned aircraft observer

What does VLOS mean in the context of flying a drone?

• That I am flying my UAS so that I can see it during the entire flight
• That I have checked the weather forecast for the period when I plan to fly
• That I fly close to people at a horizontal distance
• That I am flying my UAS so far away, that I cannot see it

Is it allowed to fly within UAS geographical zones?

• No, all flights to be undertaken in these zones require an authorisation from the competent authority
• Yes, as long as the UAS weights less than 2 kg and the weather conditions are good
• Yes, as long as the flight height is limited to 50m and the weather conditions are good
• Flights are allowed in accordance with the conditions and/or restrictions of the zones